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KMID : 0984920140160010005
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Journal of Skin Barrier Research
2014 Volume.16 No. 1 p.5 ~ p.12
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Epidermal Structure and Skin Barrier
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Jin Seon-Pil
Lee Dong-Hun
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Abstract
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Skin is our first line of defense providing a protective barrier against harmful environment (outside-inside barrier) and preventing excessive water loss (inside-outside barrier). In this review, we provide an overview of several components of the epidermis in terms of skin barrier. The epidermis consists mainly of stratum corneum and stratified nucleated keratinocytes, and is themost important for skin protection. The stratum corneum barrier is composed of corneocytes and intercellular lipids, cholesterol, free fatty acids, and ceramides. Keratins and cornified envelope proteins are important for sustaining mechanical stability of the corneocytes. Tight junctions and desmosomes also play an important role in maintaining barrier function of nucleated epidermis. Various cytokines and calcium ion gradient is the cues for barrier recovery. Abnormal skin barrier function is involved in the pathomechanism of several congenital and acquired skin diseases, such as ichthyosis, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
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KEYWORD
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Corneocyte, Cornified envelope, Desmosome, Epidermis, Skin barrier, Tight junction
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